Lurdes Y. T. Inoue, Ph.D.
A sequential Bayesian phase II/III design is proposed for
comparative clinical trials. The design
is based on both survival time and discrete early events that may be related to
survival through a parametric mixture model.
Phase II involves a small number of centers. Patients are randomized between treatments
throughout, and sequential decisions are based on predictive probabilities of
concluding superiority of the experimental treatment. Whether to stop early, continue, or shift into phase III is assessed
repeatedly in phase II. Phase III begins
when additional institutions are incorporated into the ongoing phase II trial. Using
simulation studies in the context of a non-small-cell lung cancer trial, we will
show that the proposed method maintains overall size and power while usually
requiring substantially smaller sample size and shorter trial duration when
compared to conventional group-sequential phase III designs. |